1. Introduction: The hard choices -- PART ONE: CONFLICTING VALUES -- 2. Attitudes toward nature : I. Domination over nature ; II. Unity with nature ; III. Stewardship of nature -- 3. Attitudes toward technology : I. Technology as liberator ; II. Technology as threat ; III. Technology as instrument of power -- 4. Human values : I. The nature of values ; II. Values and philosophy ; III. Values and religion -- 5. Environmental values : I. Environmental ethics ; II. Ecology and survival ; III. From values to policies -- PART TWO: ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES -- 6. Political processes : I. The federal government ; II. Citizens and special interest groups ; III. The role of technical experts -- 7. Pollution and land use : I. Air and water pollution ; II. Economic and ethical issues ; III. Land-use policy -- 8. Costs, benefits, and risks : I. Cost-benefit analysis ; II. Risk-benefit analysis ; III. Toxic substances -- 9. Assessment methods : I. Environmental impact assessment ; II. Technology assessment ; III. Values and assessment -- PART THREE: SCARCE RESOURCES -- 10. Energy options : I. Fossil fuels ; II. The nuclear dilemma ; III. The solar prospect ; IV. The case for conservation -- 11. Food and population : I. Food and agriculture ; II. Population stabilization ; III. Technology and development -- 12. Resources and growth : I. The debate over growth ; II. Political and ethical issues ; III. Selective growth -- 13. New directions : I. Appropriate technology ; II. Individual life-styles ; III. Visions of the future.
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