The Great Depression worsened financial struggles and unemployment for African Americans, who still faced racial segregation due to Jim Crow laws. The NAACP was established in 1909 to advocate for equal treatment under the law. In the 1930s, the NAACP worked with the Congress of Industrial Organizations to secure jobs for Black Americans and Eleanor Roosevelt helped outlaw job discrimination. Thurgood Marshall led NAACP's Legal Defense and Educational Fund, which achieved goals such as Brown v. Board of Education (1954) abolishing segregation in public schools. Clarence M Mitchell Jr. advanced integration through Civil Rights Acts (1948), Voting Rights Act (1965), etc. Dr Martin Luther King Jr., Ida B Wells-Barnett, W.E.B Du Bois, and others led NAACP towards equality for all Americans regardless of race or color.
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